Liver cancer (HCC) — neoantigen vaccine coverage

AI / Methods

A novel bivalent neoantigen vaccine based on mRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles eradicates hepatocellular carcinoma in mice.

Researchers developed a bivalent mRNA-LNP vaccine targeting AFP and GPC3 neoantigens for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Using spleen-homing CL15H6 LNPs, the formulation achieved superior antigen presentation and co-stimulatory molecule expression on splenic dendritic cells compared to clinical standards. In mouse models, two doses provided complete prophylactic protection against HCC challenge, demonstrating high biosafety and potent cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses.

europepmc · brief 2026-07-15 · published 2026-07-13

Clinical

Personalized neoantigen vaccine and pembrolizumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase 1/2 trial - Nature

Nature reports on a Phase 1/2 trial investigating the combination of a personalized neoantigen vaccine with pembrolizumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. This study addresses the critical question of whether neoantigen vaccines can effectively synergize with established PD-1 inhibitors in liver cancer.

news · brief 2026-06-16 · published 2024-04-07

Clinical

Neoantigen Dendritic Cell Vaccine and Nivolumab in HCC and Liver Metastases From CRC

The National Cancer Centre, Singapore is recruiting for a Phase II study of a neoantigen dendritic cell vaccine in hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases from colorectal cancer. The single-arm trial combines the adjuvant intra-dermal vaccine with intravenous nivolumab.

clinicaltrials · brief 2026-06-15 · published 2025-09-23

Clinical

GNOS-PV02 Personalized Neoantigen Vaccine, INO-9012 and Pembrolizumab in Subjects With Advanced HCC

Geneos Therapeutics is conducting a Phase I/IIa study of GNOS-PV02, a personalized neoantigen DNA vaccine, combined with the plasmid-encoded IL-12 INO-9012 and pembrolizumab. The trial targets subjects with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

clinicaltrials · brief 2026-06-14 · published 2026-04-22

Clinical

A Clinical Study on the Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Neoantigen-based Personalized mRNA Therapy iNeo-Vac-R01 Plus PD-1 Inhibitor in Adjuvant Treatment of Liver Cancer Post Radical Resection

Yinghua Xu is recruiting for a phase 1/2 trial of iNeo-Vac-R01, a personalized mRNA neoantigen therapy, in combination with a PD-1 inhibitor for adjuvant treatment of liver cancer post-radical resection. The study aims to assess safety and preliminary efficacy to improve disease-free and overall survival.

clinicaltrials · brief 2026-06-08 · published 2026-03-27

Clinical

Sequential personalized neoantigen vaccination following first-line treatments demonstrates safety and efficacy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

An investigator-initiated trial in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) evaluated sequential personalized neoantigen vaccination following first-line TACE plus TKI/PD-1 therapy. Using whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing to identify patient-specific neoantigens, the study reported excellent safety and preliminary efficacy, with two patients completing the regimen and achieving partial response.

europepmc · brief 2026-06-05 · published 2026-03-16

AI / Methods

Immunogenicity of neoantigens from hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with a combined radioimmunotherapy.

Analysis of the NASIR-HCC trial shows that neoantigen-specific immune responses can be detected in hepatocellular carcinoma patients, including those who did not benefit from radioimmunotherapy and nivolumab. In vivo experiments in HLA transgenic mice confirmed responses to predicted neoantigens, suggesting potential for vaccine-based strategies in non-responders.

europepmc · brief 2026-05-31 · published 2026-03-18

Clinical

GNOS-PV02 Personalized Neoantigen Vaccine, INO-9012 and Pembrolizumab in Subjects With Advanced HCC

Geneos Therapeutics is conducting a Phase I/IIa single-arm study of GNOS-PV02, a personalized neoantigen DNA vaccine, combined with plasmid-encoded IL-12 (INO-9012) and pembrolizumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The trial is currently active but not recruiting, focusing on the combination of DNA-based immunization with immune checkpoint inhibition.

clinicaltrials · brief 2026-05-30 · published 2026-04-22