Liver cancer (HCC) — neoantigen vaccine coverage

Clinical

Geneos Therapeutics Initiates IMPACT31 Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating Neoantigen-Targeted Personalized DNA Immunotherapy for Cancer - PR Newswire

Geneos Therapeutics initiated IMPACT31 (NCT07722741), a global multicenter Phase 2 randomized trial planning to enroll 90 patients with high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma who have undergone curative-intent resection, testing its personalized DNA immunotherapy GNOS-PV02 against active surveillance. The adjuvant design targets recurrence prevention in a post-surgical population, a setting with a cleaner regulatory path than advanced disease if it reads out. The company also appointed Julie Rosenberg, MD, a biopharma veteran with more than two decades of drug development experience, as Chief Medical Officer to drive the trial.

news · brief 2026-10-21 · published 2026-10-21

Clinical

Promising personalized approach to liver cancer therapy made possible by DNA-based neoantigen research designed at the Wistar Institute - EurekAlert!

Geneos Therapeutics, Wistar, and collaborators translate personalized DNA vaccine technology into clinical outcome based on mistakes tumors make image: Dr. David Weiner, EVP of The Wistar Institute PHILADELPHIA — (Tuesday, April 30, 2024) — Hepatocellular carcinoma (H…

news · brief 2026-10-14 · published 2024-04-30

AI / Methods

Organoid Platform Uncovers mITGB2 as a Promising CD4-Targeting Neoantigen in Liver Cancer - Bioengineer.org

A team at Sichuan Cancer Hospital and collaborating institutions in Chengdu reports in Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy a tumor organoid screening platform that surfaced mITGB2, an MHC class II-restricted neoantigen in hepatocellular carcinoma capable of driving a CD4-positive Th1 response against liver cancer cells. Two things matter: it works the underexploited CD4/class II axis rather than the standard CD8/MHC I route, and it validates organoids as a functional discovery screen in a tumor where poor antigen presentation and T-cell exhaustion blunt checkpoint inhibitor benefit. For target discovery pipelines, class II-restricted antigens remain an underbuilt asset class.

news · brief 2026-10-02 · published 2026-10-02

AI / Methods

Functional Deorphanization of Tumor-reactive TCRs Uncovers a Landscape of Shared, Immune Dominant Antigens across Cancers

A biorxiv preprint introduces TWISTAR, a platform that deorphanizes single-cell-derived TCRs by screening them against tumor transcriptomes, validating actual TCR engagement so only functionally immunogenic antigens are recovered. Applied to melanoma, breast, and hepatocellular carcinoma patients responding to immune checkpoint blockade, it shows tumor-reactive TCRs recognize targets beyond neoantigens—including peptides from unannotated coding sequences and novel transcripts—many shared across patients and cancer types, with multiple clones converging on a few immune-dominant epitopes. Why it matters: shared, immune-dominant antigens are the prerequisite for off-the-shelf or pan-cancer vaccines, and the finding that the immunogenic landscape is broader than the neoantigen set expands the addressable target space. The work is method-stage and retrospective on ICB responders; no prospective vaccine validation is reported, so watch for independent replication and whether the platform is productized by an antigen-discovery player.

biorxiv · brief 2026-09-30 · published 2026-09-29

Clinical

A Study Combining Personalized Neoantigen-based Dendritic Cell Vaccine With Microwave Ablation for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

[COMPLETED · PHASE1 · Chinese PLA General Hospital] This is a single-center, open-label, non-randomized, parallel-group phase 1 study evaluating a personalized neoantigen-based dendritic cell vaccine following microwave ablation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. After re…

clinicaltrials · brief 2026-08-27 · published 2026-08-27

AI / Methods

Fusion-derived phospho-neoepitopes define a prioritized candidate neoantigen repertoire in MASLD-HCC

Background: The rising burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) underscores the need for innovative therapeutic strategies. Methods: We integrated RNA-seq fusion detection, immunopeptidomics, and proteoge…

biorxiv · brief 2026-08-27 · published 2026-08-27

Clinical

Personalized Neoantigen Vaccine Plus IL-12 (INO-9012) Versus Active Surveillance in Subjects With High-Risk HCC

[RECRUITING · PHASE2 · Geneos Therapeutics] This is a randomized, open-label, multi-site Phase II study of a personalized neoantigen DNA vaccine (GNOS-PV02) and plasmid encoded IL-12 (INO-9012) in subjects with histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of HCC based on p…

clinicaltrials · brief 2026-08-19 · published 2026-08-18

Clinical

GNOS-PV02 Personalized Neoantigen Vaccine and Plasmid Encoded IL-12 (INO-9012) Versus Active Surveillance in Subjects With High-Risk HCC

Geneos Therapeutics has launched a randomized, open-label Phase II study (NCT07722741) for GNOS-PV02, a personalized neoantigen DNA vaccine combined with plasmid-encoded IL-12 (INO-9012). The trial targets patients with high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are disease-free post-resection, aiming to prevent recurrence. This marks a significant clinical step for Geneos in validating its DNA-based platform in a adjuvant setting.

clinicaltrials · brief 2026-07-25 · published 2026-07-23

AI / Methods

A Self-assembly Carrier-Free Nanovaccine based on Fluorinated CpG and Neoantigen Peptides for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immunotherapy.

Scientists developed a carrier-free nanovaccine for hepatocellular carcinoma by self-assembling fluorinated CpG with HCC neoantigen peptides. The resulting 69 nm nanoparticles demonstrated high loading efficiency and enhanced dendritic cell uptake, improving antigen cross-presentation by 2.05-fold in vitro. In vivo, the formulation targeted lymph nodes to orchestrate both innate and adaptive immune responses, offering a biosafe alternative to traditional adjuvant-loaded nanovaccines.

europepmc · brief 2026-07-25 · published 2026-07-09

AI / Methods

A novel bivalent neoantigen vaccine based on mRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles eradicates hepatocellular carcinoma in mice.

Researchers developed a bivalent mRNA-LNP vaccine targeting AFP and GPC3 neoantigens for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Using spleen-homing CL15H6 LNPs, the formulation achieved superior antigen presentation and co-stimulatory molecule expression on splenic dendritic cells compared to clinical standards. In mouse models, two doses provided complete prophylactic protection against HCC challenge, demonstrating high biosafety and potent cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses.

europepmc · brief 2026-07-15 · published 2026-07-13